{"id":17450,"date":"2020-05-11T10:58:10","date_gmt":"2020-05-11T08:58:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/?p=17450"},"modified":"2024-10-29T09:27:21","modified_gmt":"2024-10-29T07:27:21","slug":"the-history-of-vesuvius-from-d-79-to-d-1907","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/2020\/05\/the-history-of-vesuvius-from-d-79-to-d-1907\/","title":{"rendered":"The history of Vesuvius from A.D. 79 to A.D. 1907"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/historyofvesuviu00schnrich\/mode\/2up\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>The history of Vesuvius from A.D. 79 to A.D. 1907<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Di<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">T. A. Schneer, 1907<\/p>\n<p>Il testo del 1907, in lingua inglese, raccoglie una serie interessante di incisioni del Vesuvio a partire dall&#8217;ipotesi orografica e ricostruttiva di Strabone. Quasi un viaggio iconografico attraverso alcune delle pi\u00f9 note <em>tappe eruttive<\/em> del Vesuvio che ne hanno segnato la storia. Le tavole portano la firma di Monticelli e sono tutte datate al 1907.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_17455\" style=\"width: 970px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17455\" class=\"wp-image-17455 size-large\" src=\"http:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/1-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Vesuvio1907-1024x716.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"960\" height=\"671\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/1-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Vesuvio1907-1024x716.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/1-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Vesuvio1907-300x210.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/1-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Vesuvio1907-768x537.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/1-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Vesuvio1907-600x420.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/1-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Vesuvio1907.jpg 1127w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-17455\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Il Vesuvio visto da Napoli dopo l&#8217;eruzione del 1906. Sulla sinistra le attrezzature portuali con i vascelli in rada.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_17456\" style=\"width: 654px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17456\" class=\"wp-image-17456 size-large\" src=\"http:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Vesuvio-escursionisti-644x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"644\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Vesuvio-escursionisti-644x1024.jpg 644w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Vesuvio-escursionisti-189x300.jpg 189w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Vesuvio-escursionisti-768x1222.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Vesuvio-escursionisti-600x955.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Vesuvio-escursionisti.jpg 1342w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 644px) 100vw, 644px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-17456\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">La visita al Vesuvio attraverso la scalata. Si saliva alla Montagna guidati dalla gente del luogo attraversando la strada che da Resina portava in cima. A dorso di asino o di cavallo, trasportati a volte in portantina si saliva attraversando la pineta e ed i vigneti. La stampa mostra una allegorica e festosa comitiva di gitanti che si appresta all&#8217;ascesa.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_17457\" style=\"width: 970px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17457\" class=\"wp-image-17457 size-large\" src=\"http:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/3-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-LOsservatorio-Vesuviano-1024x702.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"960\" height=\"658\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/3-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-LOsservatorio-Vesuviano-1024x702.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/3-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-LOsservatorio-Vesuviano-300x206.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/3-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-LOsservatorio-Vesuviano-768x526.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/3-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-LOsservatorio-Vesuviano-600x411.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/3-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-LOsservatorio-Vesuviano.jpg 1771w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-17457\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">L&#8217;Osservatorio Vesuviano \u00e8 il pi\u00f9 antico osservatorio vulcanologico del mondo, fondato dal re delle due Sicilie Ferdinando II di Borbone. Alla sua fondazione, che risale al 1841, la sede era situata alle pendici del Vesuvio. L&#8217;Osservatorio Vesuviano fu inaugurato nel 1845 durante il VII Congresso degli Scienziati Italiani, tenutosi a Napoli. Il primo direttore fu il fisico parmense Macedonio Melloni, a cui segu\u00ec Luigi Palmieri, inventore del primo sismografo elettromagnetico (1856). Tra i successivi direttori si ricordano Giuseppe Mercalli, Raffaele Matteucci, Alessandro Malladra, Giuseppe Imb\u00f2, Paolo Gasparini Giuseppe Luongo, Lucia Civetta, Giovanni Macedonio, Marcello Martini, Giuseppe De Natale. Oggi nel vecchio sito si trovano il museo e la biblioteca storica, mentre i laboratori ed il Centro di Sorveglianza si trovano a Fuorigrotta (Napoli).<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_17458\" style=\"width: 970px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17458\" class=\"wp-image-17458 size-large\" src=\"http:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/4-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Il-Vesuvio-prima-del-79-vesuvioweb-2020-1024x824.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"960\" height=\"773\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/4-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Il-Vesuvio-prima-del-79-vesuvioweb-2020-1024x824.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/4-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Il-Vesuvio-prima-del-79-vesuvioweb-2020-300x241.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/4-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Il-Vesuvio-prima-del-79-vesuvioweb-2020-768x618.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/4-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Il-Vesuvio-prima-del-79-vesuvioweb-2020-600x483.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/4-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Il-Vesuvio-prima-del-79-vesuvioweb-2020.jpg 1074w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-17458\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ricostruzione dell&#8217;orografia del Vesuvio prima dell&#8217;eruzione del 79 d.C., seguendo le indicazioni di Strabone.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-17459\" src=\"http:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/5-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Il-Vesuvio-dopo-il-79-vesuvioweb-2020-1024x799.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"960\" height=\"749\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/5-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Il-Vesuvio-dopo-il-79-vesuvioweb-2020-1024x799.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/5-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Il-Vesuvio-dopo-il-79-vesuvioweb-2020-300x234.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/5-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Il-Vesuvio-dopo-il-79-vesuvioweb-2020-768x599.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/5-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Il-Vesuvio-dopo-il-79-vesuvioweb-2020-600x468.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/5-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Il-Vesuvio-dopo-il-79-vesuvioweb-2020.jpg 1059w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_17460\" style=\"width: 970px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17460\" class=\"wp-image-17460 size-large\" src=\"http:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Il-Vesuvio-prima-del-1631-vesuvioweb-2020-1024x660.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"960\" height=\"619\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Il-Vesuvio-prima-del-1631-vesuvioweb-2020-1024x660.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Il-Vesuvio-prima-del-1631-vesuvioweb-2020-300x193.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Il-Vesuvio-prima-del-1631-vesuvioweb-2020-768x495.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Il-Vesuvio-prima-del-1631-vesuvioweb-2020-600x386.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/6-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Il-Vesuvio-prima-del-1631-vesuvioweb-2020.jpg 1784w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-17460\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Il Vesuvio e le citt\u00e0 limitrofe prima dell&#8217;eruzione del 1631.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_17461\" style=\"width: 970px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17461\" class=\"wp-image-17461 size-large\" src=\"http:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/7-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1737-vesuvioweb-2020-1024x664.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"960\" height=\"623\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/7-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1737-vesuvioweb-2020-1024x664.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/7-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1737-vesuvioweb-2020-300x195.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/7-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1737-vesuvioweb-2020-768x498.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/7-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1737-vesuvioweb-2020-600x389.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/7-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1737-vesuvioweb-2020.jpg 1782w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-17461\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">1737 -19 Maggio -6 Giugno. Eruzione mista &#8211; Lave a Torre del Greco e Boscotrecase. Caduta di prodotti piroclastici a Somma Vesuviana, Ottaviano e Nola. Forte attivit\u00e0 esplosiva, con dispersione dei prodotti piroclastici a nord est, ed effetti anche a Napoli. Le lave dirette a ovest ammontavano a circa 10.4 milioni di metri cubi. A Torre del Greco distrutte le chiese del Purgatorio e del Carmine. Crollo dei tetti a Ottaviano e rottura dei vetri delle finestre a Nola. Crolli a Napoli. Lo studio e l\u2019osservazione di questa eruzione fu affidata all\u2019Accademia delle Scienze di Napoli dal re Carlo III di Borbone. L\u2019autore fu Francesco Serao, segretario dell\u2019Accademia e professore di medicina presso l\u2019Universit\u00e0 di Napoli. L\u2019eruzione fu accompagnata da forte attivit\u00e0 sismica. Dopo l\u2019eruzione il vulcano si present\u00f2 sensibilmente abbassato di quota, e caratterizzato da un ampio cratere. Per Antonio Nazzaro l\u2019eruzione \u201csegna come un confine tra un comportamento eruttivo caratterizzato da attivit\u00e0 di un cono che si andava sviluppando nell\u2019ampia voragine del 1631 e un\u2019attivit\u00e0 con il cono ormai sviluppato\u201d<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_17462\" style=\"width: 970px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17462\" class=\"wp-image-17462 size-large\" src=\"http:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/8-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1779-vesuvioweb-2020-1024x689.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"960\" height=\"646\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/8-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1779-vesuvioweb-2020-1024x689.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/8-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1779-vesuvioweb-2020-300x202.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/8-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1779-vesuvioweb-2020-768x517.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/8-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1779-vesuvioweb-2020-600x404.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/8-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1779-vesuvioweb-2020.jpg 1779w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-17462\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">1779 &#8211; 3 &#8211; 15 Agosto. Eruzione mista &#8211; Lave a Resina. Caduta di piroclastiti a Ottaviano, Somma, Massa, Nola, S. Paolo Belsito, Palma e Avella. Apertura di fratture e relativi dissesti a Torre Annunziata. Dal fianco settentrionale del Cono scatur\u00ec una colata di lava che scorse fin quasi a Resina. Anche la frattura meridionale si riattiv\u00f2, con spaccature che interessarono Torre Annunziata e proseguirono verso il mare. Vi fu una forte attivit\u00e0 stromboliana con fontane di lava dell\u2019altezza di alcuni chilometri e una colonna eruttiva alta oltre 4 chilometri sospinta dai venti in direzione est. L\u2019eruzione fu inoltre accompagnata da forti piogge che diedero origine a colate di fango, che scorsero principalmente nelle aree a nordest del vulcano. Lave e piroclastiti per 4 milioni di metri cubi. I danni ammontarono a circa 200.000 ducati e furono provocati soprattutto dalla caduta di frammenti piroclastici e dallo scorrimento di colate di fango. Crolli delle abitazioni provocati dai terremoti. L\u2019eruzione fu accompagnata da notevole attivit\u00e0 sismica e da fratture del suolo. Le ceneri vennero sospinte verso est dai venti in quota arrivando ad Avellino, Benevento, e in Puglia.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_17463\" style=\"width: 970px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17463\" class=\"wp-image-17463 size-large\" src=\"http:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/9-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1794-vesuvioweb-2020-1024x660.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"960\" height=\"619\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/9-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1794-vesuvioweb-2020-1024x660.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/9-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1794-vesuvioweb-2020-300x193.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/9-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1794-vesuvioweb-2020-768x495.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/9-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1794-vesuvioweb-2020-600x387.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/9-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1794-vesuvioweb-2020.jpg 1783w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-17463\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">1794 &#8211; 15 &#8211; 24 Giugno. Eruzione mista &#8211; Lave a Torre del Greco e nei territori a monte di Ottaviano. Si aprirono delle bocche lungo la frattura occidentale del Montedoro (localit\u00e0 dove si trova l\u2019attuale ospedale Maresca a Torre del Greco), tra 320 e 480 metri di quota. Da qui fuoriusc\u00ec una colata di lava che giunse a Torre del Greco e si spinse fino al mare per circa 100 metri. Un\u2019altra colata si diresse verso nordest. Al cratere vi fu una vivace attivit\u00e0 esplosiva, con fontane di lava e nubi di ceneri. Circa 21 milioni di metri cubi per le lave e 44 milioni di metri cubi per i prodotti piroclastici. La citt\u00e0 di Torre del Greco fu totalmente distrutta dalla lava e circa 15000 abitanti fuggirono. 322 moggi di terreno coltivato furono distrutti. Danni per 5 milioni di ducati. L\u2019eruzione fu preceduta da forte attivit\u00e0 sismica. Il campanile della basilica di Torre del Greco, non essendo stato ricostruito dopo quest\u2019eruzione, \u00e8 attualmente della stessa altezza della chiesa, che \u00e8 stata invece ricostruita al disopra della lava.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-17464\" src=\"http:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/10-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1794-Veduta-di-Torre-del-Greco-vesuvioweb-2020-1024x671.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"960\" height=\"629\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/10-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1794-Veduta-di-Torre-del-Greco-vesuvioweb-2020-1024x671.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/10-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1794-Veduta-di-Torre-del-Greco-vesuvioweb-2020-300x197.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/10-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1794-Veduta-di-Torre-del-Greco-vesuvioweb-2020-768x503.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/10-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1794-Veduta-di-Torre-del-Greco-vesuvioweb-2020-600x393.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/10-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1794-Veduta-di-Torre-del-Greco-vesuvioweb-2020.jpg 1786w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_17465\" style=\"width: 970px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17465\" class=\"wp-image-17465 size-large\" src=\"http:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/11-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1850-vesuvioweb-2020-1024x668.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"960\" height=\"626\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/11-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1850-vesuvioweb-2020-1024x668.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/11-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1850-vesuvioweb-2020-300x196.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/11-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1850-vesuvioweb-2020-768x501.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/11-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1850-vesuvioweb-2020-600x391.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/11-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1850-vesuvioweb-2020.jpg 1799w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-17465\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">1850 &#8211; 5 Febbraio &#8211; 2 Marzo. Eruzione mista &#8211; Lave verso Terzigno. Caduta di ceneri e lapilli a Ottaviano e Torre Annunziata. Si formarono delle bocche sul lato settentrionale e su quello orientale del vulcano da cui fuoriusc\u00ec lava che scorse verso sud est, lungo il percorso della colata lavica del 1834. L\u2019attivit\u00e0 esplosiva provoc\u00f2 la caduta di lapilli e ceneri. Lave per 20 milioni di metri cubi. Distruzione di campi coltivati. L\u2019eruzione fu preceduta dall\u2019abbassamento del livello di falda. La colata di lava era lunga circa 9 chilometri. Dopo l\u2019eruzione si segnalarono mofete.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_17466\" style=\"width: 970px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17466\" class=\"wp-image-17466 size-large\" src=\"http:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/12-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1885-vesuvioweb-2020-1024x644.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"960\" height=\"604\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/12-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1885-vesuvioweb-2020-1024x644.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/12-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1885-vesuvioweb-2020-300x189.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/12-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1885-vesuvioweb-2020-768x483.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/12-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1885-vesuvioweb-2020-600x377.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-17466\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">1855 &#8211; 1 &#8211; 28 Maggio. Eruzione effusiva &#8211; Massa di Somma e territorio a monte di S. Giorgio a Cremano. Una colata di lava, alimentata da almeno undici bocche apertesi sul fianco settentrionale del vulcano, si diresse verso nordovest, scorrendo lungo l\u2019Atrio del Cavallo e formando una spettacolare cascata nel salto con il sottostante Fosso della Vetrana. Dopo, la colata si biforc\u00f2 in due rami principali, di cui uno si diresse verso S. Giorgio, e l\u2019altro verso Massa di Somma e S. Sebastiano. Lave per 30 milioni di metri cubi. Distruzione di coltivazioni (200 moggi) per 30.000 ducati e di case per 5.000 ducati. Precursori dell\u2019eruzione furono lo sprofondamento di parte del cratere circa cinque mesi prima e l\u2019abbassamento del livello di falda. La lava, scorrendo lungo il Fosso del Faraone, per la prima volta scavalc\u00f2 il Monte Somma dal lato occidentale, giungendo a meno di un miglio di distanza da S. Giorgio a Cremano. Durante l\u2019eruzione, il Re Ferdinando II visit\u00f2 diverse volte il Vesuvio, e visit\u00f2 anche l\u2019Osservatorio Vesuviano.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-17467\" src=\"http:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/13-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1871-vesuvioweb-2020-1024x674.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"960\" height=\"632\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/13-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1871-vesuvioweb-2020-1024x674.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/13-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1871-vesuvioweb-2020-300x197.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/13-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1871-vesuvioweb-2020-768x505.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/13-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1871-vesuvioweb-2020-600x395.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/13-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1871-vesuvioweb-2020.jpg 1783w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-17468\" src=\"http:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/14-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1905-vesuvioweb-2020-1024x723.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"960\" height=\"678\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/14-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1905-vesuvioweb-2020-1024x723.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/14-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1905-vesuvioweb-2020-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/14-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1905-vesuvioweb-2020-768x542.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/14-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1905-vesuvioweb-2020-600x423.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/14-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1905-vesuvioweb-2020.jpg 1250w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_17469\" style=\"width: 970px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17469\" class=\"wp-image-17469 size-large\" src=\"http:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-dopo-leruzione-del-1872-vesuvioweb-2020-1024x674.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"960\" height=\"632\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-dopo-leruzione-del-1872-vesuvioweb-2020-1024x674.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-dopo-leruzione-del-1872-vesuvioweb-2020-300x197.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-dopo-leruzione-del-1872-vesuvioweb-2020-768x505.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-dopo-leruzione-del-1872-vesuvioweb-2020-600x395.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-dopo-leruzione-del-1872-vesuvioweb-2020.jpg 1783w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-17469\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">1872- 24 Aprile &#8211; 2 Maggio. Eruzione mista. Versante occidentale del Vesuvio. Massa di Somma e S. Sebastiano. Sul fianco nordoccidentale del vulcano si form\u00f2 una frattura dalla cui base fuoriuscirono lave che si diressero verso sud e verso ovest. Il cratere centrale fu interessato prevalentemente da attivit\u00e0 esplosiva e minore attivit\u00e0 effusiva. Lave per 20 milioni di metri cubi. Nove persone persero la vita ed undici rimasero ferite a causa dell\u2019attivit\u00e0 stromboliana. Distruzione di coltivazioni ed abitazioni. Poco prima dell\u2019eruzione fu registrata una crescente attivit\u00e0 sismica. Durante l\u2019eruzione Luigi Palmieri, direttore dell\u2019Osservatorio Vesuviano, rimase presso l\u2019Osservatorio a studiare l\u2019eruzione, impossibilitato ad allontanarsene poich\u00e9 l\u2019edificio era circondato dai flussi lavici. Un gruppo di persone che si erano recate sul vulcano per osservare da vicino l\u2019eruzione fu improvvisamente colpito da getti di lava; alcuni di essi persero la vita.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-17470\" src=\"http:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/16-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-dopo-leruzione-del-1872-2-vesuvioweb-2020-1024x673.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"960\" height=\"631\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/16-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-dopo-leruzione-del-1872-2-vesuvioweb-2020-1024x673.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/16-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-dopo-leruzione-del-1872-2-vesuvioweb-2020-300x197.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/16-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-dopo-leruzione-del-1872-2-vesuvioweb-2020-768x504.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/16-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-dopo-leruzione-del-1872-2-vesuvioweb-2020-600x394.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/16-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-dopo-leruzione-del-1872-2-vesuvioweb-2020.jpg 1757w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_17471\" style=\"width: 708px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17471\" class=\"wp-image-17471 size-large\" src=\"http:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/17-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1906-vesuvioweb-2020-698x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"698\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/17-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1906-vesuvioweb-2020-698x1024.jpg 698w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/17-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1906-vesuvioweb-2020-205x300.jpg 205w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/17-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1906-vesuvioweb-2020-768x1126.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/17-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1906-vesuvioweb-2020-600x880.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/wp-content\/uploads\/17-The-history-of-Vesuvius-from-AD-79-to-AD-1907-Leruzione-del-Vesuvio-del-1906-vesuvioweb-2020.jpg 821w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 698px) 100vw, 698px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-17471\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">1906- 4 \u2013 22 Aprile. Eruzione mista &#8211; Lava tra Boscotrecase e Torre Annunziata. Caduta di prodotti piroclastici verso Ottaviano, Somma Vesuviana e S. Giuseppe Vesuviano. Da una frattura sul versante sudorientale del vulcano fuoriusc\u00ec la lava, prima a 1200 metri di quota, poi, in seguito alla propagazione di tale frattura, a 800 metri di quota. Da un\u2019altra bocca apertasi nel Bosco Cognoli fuoriusc\u00ec altra lava, relativamente fluida e veloce. Al cratere, nello stesso tempo, era in corso un\u2019attivit\u00e0 esplosiva stromboliana. Una nuova bocca, formatasi a 770 metri slm nel burrone della Cupaccia, aliment\u00f2 una nuova colata di lava molto fluida che scorse sulla lava del 1834 e arriv\u00f2 a 200 metri di quota. La lava continu\u00f2 a scorrere in varie diramazioni, invadendo la frazione Oratorio di Boscotrecase, e, proseguendo lungo la trincea della ferrovia circumvesuviana, fino al cimitero di Torre Annunziata. L\u2019otto aprile la fase effusiva fin\u00ec e l\u2019attivit\u00e0 esplosiva aument\u00f2. Si form\u00f2 un\u2019alta nube eruttiva. L\u2019altezza dei frammenti piroclastici emessi super\u00f2 i 4 chilometri, la granulometria dei prodotti eruttati diminu\u00ec. Le coltri di cenere vennero disperse prevalentemente a est del vulcano. Si formarono anche piccole colate piroclastiche, che tuttavia non raggiunsero le zone abitate. Nelle fasi finali dell\u2019eruzione furono eruttate ceneri rossastre che caddero nel settore nordoccidentale del vulcano. L\u2019eruzione termin\u00f2 con piogge e colate di fango. Lave per 20 milioni di metri cubi, prodotti piroclastici per 211 milioni di metri cubi. A causa di questa eruzione vi furono 216 morti, 112 feriti gravi, 34232 profughi. Distruzione della frazione Oratorio di Boscotrecase ad opera della lava, distruzione di abitazioni e edifici sacri a Torre Annunziata, Ottaviano e S. Giuseppe Vesuviano ad opera delle ceneri. A Napoli crollo del tetto del Mercato di Monteoliveto. Distruzione di 76735 ettari di campi coltivati per un danno di 60 milioni di lire. Distruzione della funicolare del Vesuvio. Fu l\u2019eruzione vesuviana pi\u00f9 violenta del XX secolo. Prima dell\u2019eruzione si verificarono deformazioni del suolo, che provocarono l\u2019abbassamento del livello di falda di 20 \u2013 30 cm e l\u2019arretramento della linea di costa, di 48 cm a Portici . La lava penetr\u00f2 nella chiesa di S. Anna a Boscotrecase, provocandone la parziale distruzione. L\u2019accumulo della cenere provoc\u00f2 inoltre il crollo del tetto della chiesa di S. Giuseppe Vesuviano, dove erano raccolte pi\u00f9 di 150 persone. Durante l\u2019eruzione lo sprofondamento della parte superiore del cono fu accompagnata da un forte terremoto. L\u2019attivit\u00e0 sismica fu avvertita anche a Napoli, e si diffuse il panico. L\u2019eruzione fu seguita per tutta la sua durata da R. V. Matteucci, che ne inform\u00f2 le autorit\u00e0 competenti e la stampa mediante telegrammi. Per l\u2019opera prestata gli venne conferita una medaglia d\u2019oro dal Governo. Anche Giuseppe Mercalli, da Napoli, segu\u00ec l\u2019eruzione. Dopo l\u2019eruzione l\u2019altezza del vulcano era pi\u00f9 bassa di circa 220 metri. Subito dopo l\u2019eruzione e nei mesi successivi vi furono, in occasione delle piogge, episodi di colate di fango e alluvioni. Inoltre, per alcuni anni, a Resina, Portici, S Giorgio a Cremano e S. Giovanni a Teduccio vi furono esalazioni di anidride carbonica (mofete). Dopo l\u2019eruzione vi fu un periodo di inattivit\u00e0 di circa 7 anni.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">INTRODUCTION<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">To King Ferdinand II of Naples belongs the honor of having been the first to found an meteorological Observatory. As it was imagined that the proximity of an active Volcano might have some influence on the variations of the atmosphere a spur of Vesuvius called i Canteroni was chosen at its site. It stands 600 metres above sea-level, is one Kilometre distant from the Vesuvian cone,<br \/>\nand two from the centre of the great crater. The building of this handsome edifice, designed by an engineer Gaetano Fazzini by name , was begun in the year 1841 and finished in 1847 ; but owing to the political troubles of the time , it was not opened until 1855 in which year it was placed under the direction of Professor Luigi Palmieri under which it remained till 1896 the year in which Prof. Palmieri died. Prof. Eugenio Semmola was his successor and had the direction till 1903 when Prof. R. V. Matteucci took the direction of the Observatory. This illustrious man, whose name has become a household word far beyond the bounds of his native land has carried on his observations there for these last 4 years with untiring zeal and energy. Lava floods might threaten distruction to that outpost of research, showers of stones, blinding ashes and suffocating vapours endanger his life, but, in spite of all, this dauntless disciple of science, kept faithful watch on the post entrusted to him , like a general on the field of battle. With the greatest care and exactitude he has noted every varying phase before during and after the eruptions of Vesuvius. His notes and observations contribute many a valuable corner stone to the edifice of volcanic theory.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">The Observatory is rather short in funds. Nevertheless the zeal of its directors has provided it with very valuable instruments and every necessary apparatus. We call the reader&#8217;s particular attention to. the electric: magnatic seismograph and the bifiliar electroraetre (Palmieri&#8217;s invention). The first of these instruments notes with the utmost exactitude the slightest movements of the ground , also the direction of the movement and the time occupied by it. The other is used to measure the electricity in the atmosphere a matter of special importance during an eruption. There is also a valuable t library attached to the istitution and it possesses a very interesting collection of minerals and of all the various kinds of ashes fallen since 1855. There is also a laboratory for the necessary chemical analyses.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">It has been ascertained thai hither to , during the various eruption, 70 kinds of minerals have benn ejected. The collections and seismical apparata are shown and explained to visitors, if desired, in the. most obliging manner.\u00a0As in the following pages words and expressions not familiar to the reader must of necessity be used, we subjoin a few explanations not only of single words, but also of the ejecta from the constantly recurring eruptions.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">SMOKE. &#8211; &#8211; The smoke rising from the lava, and issuing with it from the erupting mouths is frequently, especially at the beginning and end of a conflagration, accompanied by sulphuretted hydrogen, hydrochloric acid, and sulphurous anihydrid. Should there be a heavy rainfall at the time , these gases unite with the water and produce a destructive effect on every plant touch\u00a0ed by it. When the eruption is at its height these gases disappear.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">LAVA. &#8211; This is the principal element in the Vesuvian eruptions. It is a substance rendered fluid by the action of fire or water and then ejected from an opening in an active volcano. When first emitted, it has a heat of 1000 centig. It remains fluid up to 700. At a red glow it is tough and pliable, and on cooling down it becomes very hard and brittle. All volcanic lavas have the same constituents, such as silicates, iron, aluminium, copper, lead, gypsum, soda, etc. The only difference between them consists in the various crystals they contain. The flow of the lava is rapid or slow according to the violence of the eruption, the degree of heat, the quantity of scoriae carried along with it, and the steepness of the road it takes in descending.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">LAVA-OANALS. &#8211; During 1 eruptions, fissures are formed in the interior of the volcano, into which lava forces an entrance, and then, according to the character of the cleft, (as, for instance,<br \/>\nif it opens to the outside) oozes out, or, if the fissure does not get beyond the Interior of the mountain, cools inside, and thus forms the so called lava-canals.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">ASHES. &#8211; The Vesuvian ashes are composed of the finest dust-particles of various colours, frequently mixed with sublimations. These latter are, however, soluble in water, and the ashes remaining are then proved to be of identical substance with the lava. Properly they might be called Lava-dust.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">LAPILLI &#8211; are infinitesimally small stones thrown out in quantities by the mountain in eruption. Pompei, for instance, is, for the most part buried under lapilli of the sort principally formed from fragments of pumice. The lapilli of later eruptions differ from the Pompeian so called black lapilli, in colour as well as substance. They are generally characterized as white lapilli, and much used for filling up crevices in building.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">PROJECTILES &#8211; are red-hot pasty fragments of lava, sometimes of considerable size, projected from the crater during an eruption, and appearing, at a distance, like glowing sparks amid<br \/>\nthe smoke.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">BOMBS &#8211; consist of fragments of old lavas enclosed in new lava. They are sometimes round, sometimes oval, and are often shot up to a great height.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">SCORIAE &#8211; are fragments of rough vesicular lava, that is to say full of holes caused by air-bubbles.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">FUMAROLE or smoke- funnels, are cracks in the lava from which vapours escape. They form a link between the cooled surface and the still glowing lava beneath. Their duration is shorter<br \/>\nor longer according to the depth or shallowness of the lava on which they are formed.\u00a0They can go on smoking &#8216;for weeks, months and even years. These evaporations are at first neutral in character, but their properties change according to the length of time they have been going on. Hydrochloric acid appears first, then sulphurous acid, and finally sulphuretted hydrogen. During the neutral period a\u00a0white deposit, namely commen salt, is found at the edges of the fumarole as well as a black one, namely oxide of copper , and, under certain conditions, sal ammoniac. As it would lead too far to give a longer dissertation on the chemical deposits of the fumarole, we must refer the reader, anxious for more exact infor\u00a0tions, to the writings on the subject of various scientists.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">MEPHITIC VAPOURS &#8211; are exhalations of carbonic acid gas which are fatal to respiration both in man and beast. They are frequently found on the slopes of Vesuvius, especially after great eruptions. When these vapours gather round the roots of a plant it will wither and die.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Moss &#8211; The lichen Vesuvianum is a variety of moss which forms on the lava, giving thus the first token of reawakening fecundity in the soil below. It forms most plentifully on the scoriated lava which covers land formerly in a state of cultivation, and is first seen from 5-6 years after the superficial cooling of the lava.\u00a0Although this little work makes no pretence to having been written for scientists, and is only a narrative of facts and events which cannot fail to be ol interest to cultivated readers, still a close study of the very extensive literature in connection with Vesuvius, was necessary for its production. We therefore subjoin a list of all the writings, in number over seventy, consulted by us on the subject.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong><a style=\"color: #800000;\" href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/historyofvesuviu00schnrich\/mode\/2up\">https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/historyofvesuviu00schnrich\/mode\/2up<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>__________________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n<p>Bibliografia<\/p>\n<p>1\u00a0 &#8211;\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/historyofvesuviu00schnrich\/mode\/2up\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a0https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/historyofvesuviu00schnrich\/mode\/2up<\/a><\/p>\n<p>2\u00a0 &#8211;\u00a0\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ov.ingv.it\/ov\/it\/catalogo-1631-1944.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.ov.ingv.it\/ov\/it\/catalogo-1631-1944.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The history of Vesuvius from A.D. 79 to A.D. 1907 Di T. A. Schneer, 1907&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":17473,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[9,67,50,54,52,62,63],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17450","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-00-in-rilievo","category-la-cronologia-degli-eventi-eruttivi-del-vesuvio","category-raccolta-di-studi-storici","category-leruzione-del-1631","category-leruzione-del-1737","category-leruzione-del-vesuvio-del-1794","category-leruzione-del-vesuvio-del-1906"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The history of Vesuvius from A.D. 79 to A.D. 1907 - Vesuvioweb<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.vesuvioweb.com\/it\/2020\/05\/the-history-of-vesuvius-from-d-79-to-d-1907\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"it_IT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The history of Vesuvius from A.D. 79 to A.D. 1907 - Vesuvioweb\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The history of Vesuvius from A.D. 79 to A.D. 1907 Di T. 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